Since the 1970's, Physicists and Mathematicians who study random matrices in the standard models of GUE or GOE, are aware of intriguing connections between integrals of such random matrices and enumeration of graphs on surfaces. We establish a new aspect of this theory: for random matrices sampled from the group U(n) of Unitary matrices. The group structure of these matrices allows us to go further and find surprising algebraic quantities hidden in the values of these integrals. The talk will be aimed at graduate students, and all notions will be explained.

Mirror symmetry is a far reaching duality relating symplectic geometry on a given manifold to complex geometry on a completely different manifold - its mirror. Toric Calabi Yau manifolds are a large family of examples which which have served as a testing ground for numerous ideas in the study of mirror symmetry. I will prove homological mirror symmetry when the symplectic side is a toric Calabi-Yau 3-fold. I will aim to explain geometrically why the mirror of a toric Calabi Yau takes the particular form it does.

Being the gradient flow of the area functional, the mean curvature flow can be thought of as a greedy algorithm for simplifying embedded shapes. But how successful is this algorithm? In this talk, I will describe three examples for how mean curvature flow, as well as its variants and weak solutions, can be used to achieve this desired simplification. The first is a short time smoothing effect of the flow, allowing to smooth out some rough, potentially fractal initial data.

By a Fourier quasicrystal we mean a pure point measure in R^d, whose Fourier transform is also a pure point measure. This notion was inspired by the experimental discovery of quasicrystalline materials in the middle of 80's. The classical example of such a measure comes from Poisson's summation formula. Which other measures of this type may exist? I will give the relevant background on this problem and present our recent results obtained in joint work with Alexander Olevskii.

I will survey various approximation properties of finitely generated groups and explain how they can be used to prove various longstanding conjectures in the theory of groups and group rings. A large class of groups (no group known to be not in the class) is presented that satisfy the Kervaire-Laudenbach Conjecture about solvability of non-singular equations over groups. Our method is inspired by seminal work of Gerstenhaber-Rothaus, which was the key to prove the Kervaire-Laudenbach Conjecture for residually finite groups.

The inverse Galois problem (over number fields k) is one of the central problems in algebraic number theory. A classical approach to it is via specialization of Galois coverings: Hilbert’s irreducibility theorem guarantees the existence of infinitely many specialization values in k such that the Galois group of the specialization equals the Galois group of the covering. I will consider problems related to the inverse Galois problem which can be attacked using the specialization approach.

A classical result of Goldman states that character variety of an oriented surface is a symplectic algebraic variety, and that the Goldman Lie algebra of free loops on the surface acts by Hamiltonian vector fields on the character variety. I will describe a vast generalization of these results, including to higher dimensional manifolds where the role of the Goldman Lie algebra is played by the Chas-Sullivan string bracket in the string topology of the manifold. These results follow from a general statement in noncommutative geometry.

One of the mainstream and modern tools in the study of non abelian groups are quasi-morphisms. These are functions from a group to the reals which satisfy homomorphism condition up to a bounded error. Nowadays they are used in many fields of mathematics. For instance, they are related to bounded cohomology, stable commutator length, metrics on diffeomorphism groups, displacement of sets in symplectic topology, dynamics, knot theory, orderability, and the study of mapping class groups and of concordance group of knots.

One of the mainstream and modern tools in the study of non abelian groups are quasi-morphisms. These are functions from a group to the reals which satisfy homomorphism condition up to a bounded error. Nowadays they are used in many fields of mathematics. For instance, they are related to bounded cohomology, stable commutator length, metrics on diffeomorphism groups, displacement of sets in symplectic topology, dynamics, knot theory, orderability, and the study of mapping class groups and of concordance group of knots.

I will consider classical 2D traveling water waves with vorticity. By means of local and global bifurcation theory using topological degree, we can prove that there exist many such waves. They are exact smooth solutions of the Euler equations with the physical boundary conditions. Some of the waves are quite tall and steep and some are overhanging. There are periodic ones and solitary ones. I will exhibit some numerical computations of such waves. New analytical results will be presented on waves with favorable vorticity.

Title: Avatars of small cancellation Abstract: In general, given a finite presentation of a group, it is very difficult (in fact algorithmically impossible) to understand the group it defines. Small cancellation theory was developped as a combinatorial condition on a presentation that allows one to understand the group it represents. This very flexible construction has many applications to construct examples of groups with specific features.